Want to Invest in Commodities? Here’s What You Should Know

If you’re reading this post, it probably means you’re interested in, or at least curious about trading commodities, but you may not be sure how and where to start, or if it’s even the type of investment you want to make.

What are Commodities?

To decide if you should trade commodities, you should probably know what they are (if you don’t already know): A commodity is a raw material or agricultural product you can buy and sell, and any physical or virtual market that allows you to do that is considered a commodities market. There are three categories of commodities - Soft, Hard, and Energy.

• Soft commodities are grown, such as coffee beans, lumber, meats, sugar, and so on.
• Hard commodities are raw materials that are extracted through mining, such as gold, silver, palladium, etc.
• Energy commodities refer to materials used to produce energy, such as oil, natural gas, ethanol, coal, and the likes.

In total, there are 100 primary commodities, half of which are considered major commodities.

How are commodities bought and sold?

While you can purchase the actual commodities and keep them, most of the commodities trade is done through commodities exchanges and futures contracts. Historically, the earliest known commodities market was in ancient Sumer, sometime between 4500-4000BCE. The contracts were written on clay tablets and represented the amount of each commodity (such as goats or quantity of wheat) that is promised to be delivered - not unlike futures contracts of today.

Commodity Trading - Pros

• Diversification - When you look at historical data, you’ll find that there is low to negative correlation between commodities prices versus stock and bonds prices. This allows you to hedge against your stock investments.
• Inflation Protection - While inflation drags bonds and stock prices down, commodities seem to benefit from it. This makes sense because inflation causes the prices of goods to rise, and the prices of commodities used to create these goods rise alongside them.
• Exposure to Growth Opportunities - As demand for certain commodities rises over time, its price rises concurrently. For example, in the last 2 years, the price of Palladium Futures more than doubled, as it is vital in the production of certain car parts.

Commodity Trading - Cons

• High Volatility - Commodities are considered to be some of the most volatile instruments to trade and are, on average, twice as volatile as stocks, and four times more volatile than bonds.

Important note - some analysts insist that another con is that commodities have no income generation, but as our analyst, Barani Krishnan states:

Non-income generation is something I'd argue against. The popular theory of commodities investing being a zero-sum game (i.e. someone has to lose for another to win), is too simplistic when viewed from a more diverse perspective. For instance, you can be a hedge fund that invests in niche plantations, participating not just in price discovery of the commodity you are growing but also earning income from the products you harvest and sell. The now-defunct Armajaro was one such hedge fund, is one of the largest proprietary investors/fund managers in cocoa/coffee during its time.

Got any other pros or cons? Let us know in the comments.