(Reuters) - U.S. natural gas futures jumped 6% to a one-week high on Friday on forecasts for much colder weather and higher heating demand through late December than previously expected.
In the spot market, U.S. West Coast power and gas prices have more than doubled over the past couple of weeks - with gas hitting multi-year highs - as freezing weather and snow blankets parts of California and gas pipeline outages and constraints limit flows of the fuel from Texas.
That colder weather should force utilities to pull more gas from storage in coming weeks. Gas stockpiles were about 1.6% below the five-year (2017-2021) average for this time of year. [EIA/GAS] [NGAS/POLL]
The increase in futures prices came despite Freeport LNG's announcement last week that it will delay the planned restart of its liquefied natural gas (LNG) export plant in Texas from mid-December to the end of the year. That delay should keep LNG exports below record levels hit in March and leave more gas in the United States for domestic use.
Some analysts do not expect Freeport to return until January, February or later because it will likely take federal pipeline safety regulators longer than Freeport expects to review and approve the plant's restart plan once the company submits it.
At least one LNG vessel, Prism Brilliance, gave up on Freeport after the company delayed the planned restart, according to ship tracking data from Refinitiv. The ship started heading for Jamaica earlier this week but turned back and is now on its way to Cheniere Energy Inc's Sabine Pass LNG export plant in Louisiana.
Two other vessels - Prism Diversity and Prism Courage - however, have continued to wait in the Gulf of Mexico since at least early November to pick up LNG from Freeport.
The Freeport plant, which can turn about 2.1 billion cubic feet per day (bcfd) of gas into LNG, shut on June 8 due to an explosion caused by inadequate operating and testing procedures, human error and fatigue, according to a report by consultants hired to review the incident and suggest corrective actions.
Front-month gas futures for January delivery on the New York Mercantile Exchange rose 34.4 cents, or 5.8%, to $6.306 per million British thermal units (mmBtu) at 10:30 a.m. EST (1530 GMT), putting the contract on track for its highest close since Nov. 1.
For the week, the front-month was up about 1% after falling about 11% last week.
U.S. gas futures were up about 69% so far this year as much higher global prices feed demand for U.S. exports due to supply disruptions and sanctions linked to Russia's war in Ukraine.
Gas was trading at $44 per mmBtu at the Dutch Title Transfer Facility (TTF) in Europe and $34 at the Japan Korea Marker (JKM) in Asia. [NG/EU]
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U.S. gas futures lag global prices because the United States is the world's top producer with all the fuel it needs for domestic use, while capacity constraints and the Freeport outage have prevented the country from exporting more LNG.
Data provider Refinitiv said average gas output in the U.S. Lower 48 states rose to 99.7 bcfd so far in December, up from a monthly record of 99.5 bcfd in November.
With colder weather coming, Refinitiv projected average U.S. gas demand, including exports, would rise from 117.8 bcfd this week to 123.1 bcfd next week and 142.0 bcfd in two weeks. The forecasts for next week was higher than Refinitiv's outlook on Thursday.
The average amount of gas flowing to U.S. LNG export plants rose to 11.9 bcfd so far in December, up from 11.8 bcfd in November. That remains below the monthly record of 12.9 bcfd in March due to the Freeport outage.
Week ended Week ended Year ago Five-year
Dec 9 Dec 2 Dec 9 average
(Forecast) (Actual) Dec 9
U.S. weekly natgas storage change (bcf): -42 -21 -83 -93
U.S. total natgas in storage (bcf): 3,420 3,462 3,430 3,427
U.S. total storage versus 5-year average -0.2% -1.6%
Global Gas Benchmark Futures ($ per mmBtu) Current Day Prior Day This Month Prior Year Five Year
Last Year Average Average
2021 (2017-2021)
Henry Hub 5.94 5.96 3.86 3.73 2.89
Title Transfer Facility (TTF) 41.77 42.67 37.67 16.04 7.49
Japan Korea Marker (JKM) 34.30 33.35 37.84 18.00 8.95
Refinitiv Heating (HDD), Cooling (CDD) and Total (TDD) Degree Days
Two-Week Total Forecast Current Day Prior Day Prior Year 10-Year 30-Year
Norm Norm
U.S. GFS HDDs 434 401 317 370 401
U.S. GFS CDDs 6 9 15 5 4
U.S. GFS TDDs 440 410 332 375 405
Refinitiv U.S. Weekly GFS Supply and Demand Forecasts
Prior Week Current Week Next Week This Week Five-Year
Last Year Average For
Month
U.S. Supply (bcfd)
U.S. Lower 48 Dry Production 100.1 99.7 99.9 95.7 89.8
U.S. Imports from Canada 8.5 8.2 9.1 9.4 8.9
U.S. LNG Imports 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.3
Total U.S. Supply 108.6 107.9 109.0 105.1 99.0
U.S. Demand (bcfd)
U.S. Exports to Canada 3.4 3.2 3.3 3.5 3.2
U.S. Exports to Mexico 5.6 5.4 5.5 5.7 5.0
U.S. LNG Exports 11.8 11.7 12.4 12.0 6.9
U.S. Commercial 13.6 13.5 14.8 13.9 14.6
U.S. Residential 22.1 21.7 24.5 22.1 24.6
U.S. Power Plant 27.1 30.5 30.5 29.2 27.3
U.S. Industrial 24.3 24.1 24.3 23.9 24.9
U.S. Plant Fuel 4.9 4.9 4.9 4.9 4.9
U.S. Pipe Distribution 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.6 2.5
U.S. Vehicle Fuel 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1
Total U.S. Consumption 94.7 97.4 101.8 96.7 98.9
Total U.S. Demand 115.7 117.8 123.1 117.9 114.0
U.S. weekly power generation percent by fuel - EIA
Week ended Week ended Week ended Week ended Week ended
Dec 9 Dec 2 Nov 25 Nov 18 Nov 11
Wind 10 15 9 9 15
Solar 2 2 2 3 3
Hydro 6 6 6 7 6
Other 2 2 2 2 3
Petroleum 0 0 0 0 0
Natural Gas 39 35 39 41 38
Coal 20 19 20 18 16
Nuclear 21 21 20 20 20
SNL U.S. Natural Gas Next-Day Prices ($ per mmBtu)
Hub Current Day Prior Day
Henry Hub 4.79 4.49
Transco Z6 New York 5.05 4.40
PG&E Citygate 31.84 21.12
Dominion South 4.41 4.06
Chicago Citygate 4.69 4.31
Algonquin Citygate 6.47 4.85
SoCal Citygate 31.00 22.29
Waha Hub 1.45 0.88
AECO 3.94 3.78
SNL U.S. Power Next-Day Prices ($ per megawatt-hour)
Hub Current Day Prior Day
New England 55.75 49.25
PJM West 60.50 58.50
Ercot North 43.50 46.75
Mid C 268.00 155.75
Palo Verde 280.00 172.75
SP-15 260.75 183.75