Birkenstock Holdings Plc (NYSE:BIRK) reported its third-quarter financial results for fiscal year 2024, surpassing analyst expectations with an earnings per share (EPS) of €0.29 against a forecast of €0.27. The company achieved a revenue of €565 million, reflecting a 19% year-over-year increase. Despite a slight dip in gross profit margin, the company's robust sales growth and strategic initiatives have positioned it well in the market.
Key Takeaways
- Birkenstock's Q3 revenue increased by 19% year-over-year.
- EPS of €0.29 surpassed the forecast of €0.27.
- Gross profit margin decreased by 220 basis points to 59.5%.
- The company confirmed its FY2024 guidance for 20% revenue growth.
Company Performance
Birkenstock demonstrated strong performance in Q3 2024, with revenue rising 19% year-over-year to €565 million. The company's strategic focus on expanding its product line and enhancing its digital presence contributed to this growth. Despite a decrease in gross profit margin, Birkenstock maintained a solid adjusted EBITDA margin of 33%, reflecting operational efficiency. The company's emphasis on product innovation and market expansion has helped it capture a larger share of the footwear market.
Financial Highlights
- Revenue: €565 million, up 19% year-over-year.
- Gross profit margin: 59.5%, down 220 basis points from the previous year.
- Adjusted EBITDA: €186 million, up 15% year-over-year.
- Adjusted net profit: €92 million, up 14%.
- Cash and cash equivalents: €404 million.
Earnings vs. Forecast
Birkenstock's actual EPS of €0.29 exceeded the forecasted €0.27, resulting in a surprise of approximately 7.4%. This performance reflects the company's ability to capitalize on strong consumer demand and manage costs effectively. The revenue of €565 million also surpassed the forecast of €438.95 million, indicating robust sales across product lines.
Market Reaction
Although specific stock data was unavailable, the earnings beat and positive financial results are likely to bolster investor confidence. The company's strong performance in a challenging retail environment may result in favorable market sentiment, aligning with broader trends of increased consumer spending in the footwear sector.
Company Outlook
Birkenstock reaffirmed its FY2024 guidance, projecting 20% revenue growth and an adjusted EBITDA margin of 30-30.5%. The company is focused on expanding its product categories and increasing market penetration through digital channels and selective retail store expansion. Medium-term targets include mid to high teens revenue growth and a gross profit margin of 60%.
Executive Commentary
CEO Oliver Reichert emphasized the company's unique market position, stating, "We are not a footwear company, we're the Footbed company." This highlights Birkenstock's commitment to innovation and quality. David Khan, President of Americas, noted, "Demand is not a finite measure," reflecting the company's confidence in sustained consumer interest.
Q&A
During the earnings call, analysts inquired about the company's order books and consumer demand. Executives expressed confidence in the current demand trajectory and highlighted ongoing product category expansion. The company remains selective about retail store expansion to maintain brand quality and consumer experience.
Risks and Challenges
- Supply chain disruptions could impact product availability and cost.
- Market saturation in key regions may limit growth potential.
- Macroeconomic pressures, such as inflation, could affect consumer spending.
- Increased competition in the footwear industry may challenge market share.
- Currency fluctuations could impact international revenue and profitability.
Full transcript - Birkenstock Holding ltd (BIRK) Q3 2024:
Conference Operator: Good morning and thank you for standing by. Welcome to the Birkenstock's Third Quarter Fiscal 20 24 Earnings Conference Call. At this time, all participants are in a listen only mode. Following the presentation, we will conduct a question and answer session. The company allocated 60 minutes in total to this conference call.
I would like to remind everyone that this conference call is being recorded. I will now turn the call over to Megan Kulik, Director of Investor Relations.
Megan Kulik, Director of Investor Relations, Birkenstock Holdings Plc: Hello, and thank you everyone for joining us today. On the call are Oliver Reichert, Director of Birkenstock Holdings Plc and Chief Executive Officer of the Birkenstock Group and Eric Mossman, Chief Financial Officer of the Birkenstock Group. Klaus Baumann, Chief Sales Officer David Khan, President of the Americas Tiffany Wu, Managing Director of Greater China Alexander Hoff, Vice President of Global Finance will join us for the Q and A. Please keep in mind that our fiscal year ends on September 30. Thus, our Q3 of fiscal 2024 ended on June 30, 2024.
You may find the press release and supplemental presentation connected to today's discussion on our Investor Relations website, birkenstock holding.com. We would like to remind you that some of the information provided during this call is forward looking and accordingly is subject to the Safe Harbor provisions of the federal securities laws. These statements are subject to various risks, uncertainties and assumptions, which could cause our actual results to differ materially from these statements. These risks, uncertainties and assumptions are detailed in this morning's press release as well as in our filings with the SEC, which can be found on our website atberkenstockholdings.com. We undertake no obligation to revise or update any forward looking statements or information except as required by law.
During the call, all revenue growth rates will be cited on a constant currency basis unless otherwise stated. We will also refer to certain non IFRS financial information. We use non IFRS measures as we believe they represent operational performance and underlying results of our business more accurately. The presentation of this non IFRS financial information is not intended to be considered by itself or as a substitute for the financial information prepared and presented in accordance with IFRS. Reconciliations of IFRS to non IFRS measures can be found in this morning's press release and in our SEC filings.
With that, I'll turn the call over to Oliver.
Oliver Reichert, Director and CEO, Birkenstock Group: Good morning, everybody, and thank you for joining today's call. It was great seeing many of you in June during our most recent roadshow. We thank you for your love for the brand and kind support. We are happy to be here today to discuss another exceptional record setting quarter for our company. We achieved the highest quarterly revenue in our history.
This was driven by the unbreakable and growing demand for our products across all segments, channels and categories. As promised during our IPO and secondary offering, we're delivering mid to high teens revenue growth, gross margin of 60% and adjusted EBITDA margins of 30% plus. As promised, expanding into the white space opportunities, we identified closed toe silhouettes, orthopedics, professional, outdoor, the important ABMA region and own retail. Now let's have a look at the Q3. Wittgenstock achieved 19% revenue growth in constant currency.
As a super brand, we are taking share at and gaining the attention of our key retail partners and their consumers. Consumers are becoming increasingly selective and more intentional in their spending and looking for more physical touch points with the product. They are seeking brands they love, and Businesseschok is one of these global super brands. Our 19% revenue growth in the quarter was driven by 23% growth in our B2B business and 14% growth in our D2C business, well outpacing our peers. Biddershowk is a product that need to be seen and touched, and we benefited from this shift towards more in person shopping.
This movement is validated through increasing sell through rates and reorders at our key retail partners. Accordingly, our B2B business was a bigger part of our Q3 than it has ever been. We continue to see growth in revenue from our key wholesale accounts with over 90% of our B2B growth coming from within existing doors. Our partners increased order size and added new categories and did a great job presenting our brand to the new consumers. Younger consumers prefer to shop in store, a trend we are seeing more and more.
12,400 wholesalers are an important brand touch point for our consumers, With a limited but steadily growing fleet of 64 owned retail stores worldwide, we rely on our B2B business for its reach, predictability and margin strength. Simply, the B2B business of a super brand like Birkenstock decreases risk with a very, very healthy margins. While ASP was up year over year, volume was a bigger contributor to revenue growth this quarter, given the strong B2B growth and the additional capacity provided by our factory expansion. As promised, we will never compromise our engineered distribution model and are maintaining our disciplined approach to relative market scarcity to keep supply comfortably under demand. As mentioned, retail remains an important white space opportunity for us.
We continue to selectively add to our footprint globally, adding 7 new stores in the Q3, bringing the total to 64. Our digital business continues to perform well with double digit growth in the quarter. We continue to add to our fast growing membership program, which grew 36% year over year to 6,900,000 members. These members are highly engaged, spending more frequently and spending over 25% more per transaction than nonmembers. We saw a continued shift towards closed toe silhouettes, including clogs and premium products during the quarter.
Sales from closed toe silhouettes grew more than double the rate of the overall brand in the quarter, and revenue share increased 400 basis points year over year. We continue to generate significant momentum and compelling top line performance from our newest style and have excellent new products in the pipeline in each category and region. At the same time, the momentum with our core silhouettes remains very strong. Revenue from our top 5 core silhouettes, most of which have been around for close to 50 years, was up 24% in the quarter. This highlights the continued commercial relevance of these iconic models in most recognizable styles.
Now let's move to our discussion of segment performance. Within our largest segment in the Americas, strong consumer demand for our brand continued in the Q3. Revenue in the region was up 15% compared to the same period a year ago. Our B2B channel was especially strong in the quarter. We saw particularly strength in department store accounts, which were up over 25%.
Many drove meaningful brand exposure with 250 year anniversary statement displays, in which they allocated more space to book and shop to support the initiatives. They celebrated the rich heritage of the brand and also included expansionary products, such as closed toe premium executions. Full price realization remained very strong at 95%. This resulted in continued strong replenishment orders and backlog into 2025. We carefully managed business to support our relative scarcity model across our wholesale partners, and our stock to sales ratios remain very healthy.
New points of distribution in the Americas accounted for a single digit percentage of revenue growth. Newly opened doors were focused on specialty retailers in the white space areas we identified, including professional, outdoor and running specialty retailers, where the benefits of our footbed as a recovery is finding strong end use demand. As mentioned earlier, we saw a noticeable shift to in person shopping during the quarter with the increased traffic at our own stores and increased sell through at our B2B partners. Still, growth in the Q3 in our DTC channel was up in the high single digits. Our own store retail sales were up over 60%, driven by strong close toe and premium product sales.
With an owned retail fleet of currently 8 stores in the U. S, we view the 6,600 wholesale doors as a key asset in which we can connect with consumers. The results speak for themselves. Consumers want to shop for Briton stocks, and we have the ability to interact with them wherever they are searching for our brand, be it online or in store. We opened 3 new owned retail stores in the U.
S. During the Q3, including our newest flagship in Austin. We plan to open additional stores in Boston and Nashville over the coming months. We continue to be selective in our retail expansion, looking for the right market and the ideal location to allow for the 12 to 18 months payback required. We will continue to leverage the strength of our B2B partners to connect with Birkenstock fans in person more broadly.
In our 2nd largest segment, Europe, we delivered another exceptional quarter with growth of 19% under pinned by continued strong consumer demand across the region. Wittgenstock continues to grow double digits and to take share in a market that remains soft. While we realized strong double digit growth across the whole region, we saw the best performance in those countries where we recently phased out distributors and replaced them with our own distribution, such as France and Benelux. We saw strength in both the D2C and the B2B channels. But similar to the Americas, B2B outpaced the double digit growth of D2C in the Q3.
Our focus on better alignment with key strategic retail partners led to increased orders and strong sell through performance from these targeted accounts. As we saw in the Americas, over 90% of the growth in B2B came from within existing doors. Our partners continued to add to their Bit and Stock assortment to meet the expanding consumer demand. Bit and Stock continues to be one of the top performing brands across the region for our wholesale partners. Similar to the Americas, we saw a move toward more in store purchasing in the quarter.
This is why it is so important that we continue to balance a very strong, stable and profitable B2B business with our D2C business and increase our own retail fleet. With our engineered distribution, we can easily adapt to any changes in consumer spending patterns to meet market demand. Within Europe, we saw very strong consumer adoption of newer models coming out of Parzewag Factory. The Xinyoku, Mogamintara and Rekavik had strong sell throughs of up to 90% and were sold out in many sizes and colors. Lastly, I want to congratulate the team on the successful launch of our new line of sneaker footbeds and insoles during Paris Fashion Week on the recent opening of our newest European flagship store in Paris, located in the heart of the historic Marais district.
YASMARE was again our fastest growing segment in the Q3 of fiscal 2024, The revenue growth of 41%, driven by strong growth in both volume and ASP, growth in the region was largely driven by our D2C channel. We added 4 new owned retail stores, including 3 in India and 1 in Japan, bringing the total in the APMA region to 23. We also saw a healthy increase in B2B in Q3 of fiscal 2024, which was driven by an expansion within our MONO brand partner stores in the addition of 10 newly opened stores. Demand in ABMA is broad based and like other regions has benefited from closed toe silhouettes, including clocks, which more than doubled compared to the same quarter last year. We saw particularly strong growth from our 2 large markets in the region, Japan and Australia.
Greater China, which currently makes up less than 15% of the APMA revenue, grew over 25% in the quarter and remains an important expansionary market for Babystock. We are still in the early stages of our market rollout there and are starting to see the benefits of our efforts already. We had a very successful opening of our Shanghai pop up store in April, and it generated significant brand awareness and interest. Brand search on WeChat more than tripled in the Q3, and Birkenstock was a top 5 brand in our category in the most recent 6/18 event on Tmall and JD (NASDAQ:JD). I will now turn it over to Erik to discuss our financial results in more detail.
Thank you.
Eric Mossman, Chief Financial Officer, Birkenstock Group: Thanks, Oliver, and good morning, everyone. I'm very pleased to share Bergenschok's performance in the Q3 of fiscal 2024. The health and strength of our brand are again clearly reflected in our Q3 results. Bergenschok has cemented its position as one of the few mass carrier brands in the wholesale channel and also our D2C channels. They continue to grow as consumers become more intentional in their purchases.
Let's have a look into the detail of Q3 results. 3rd quarter fiscal 2024 revenue was €565,000,000 growing 19% versus the prior year on a constant currency basis. We once again generated double digit growth across all segments and channels, demonstrating the desirability and resilience of our brand. B2B was up 23% in constant currency, and our D2C performance was up by 14% versus prior year. Gross profit margin for Q3 fiscal 2024 was 59.5%, up 3 20 basis points sequentially.
It was down 2 20 basis points compared to prior year's gross profit margin. Our ongoing capacity expansion accounted for about 120 basis points of the decline compared to prior year Q3. The remaining 100 basis points is primarily due to the shift in mix from D2C to B2B compared to a year ago. As we have said in the past, our gross profit margin will vary from quarter to quarter based on channel mix as D2C yields a higher gross margin than B2B. Conversely, B2B yields slightly higher EBITDA margin given its lower selling and distribution expense.
Adjusted selling and distribution expenditure were €149,000,000 representing 26.4 percent of revenue in the 3rd quarter, down 220 basis points year over year due to the increased B2B penetration, offset partially by our retail store investments. Adjusted general and administration expenses were €25,000,000 or 4.5 percent of revenue, up 160 basis points year over year, primarily due to the incremental public company costs. 3rd quarter adjusted EBITDA of €186,000,000 was the strongest quarterly EBITDA in the company's history and up 15% versus Q3 of fiscal 2023. We came out in Q3 with an adjusted EBITDA margin of 33%. This was down 140 basis points from the prior year, impacted from the same temporary and onetime items we discussed with regard to gross profit margin as well as the additional cost of expanding our retail and D2C presence and incremental public company costs, partially offset by the mix shift to higher B2B revenue.
Adjusted net profit of €92,000,000 was up 14%, and adjusted earnings per share was €0.49 up 11% from a year ago. Let's now have a look at our balance sheet as of June 30, 2024. Cash and cash equivalents were €404,000,000 as of June 30, 2024, up from €176,000,000 at the end of the Q2. In the Q3 of fiscal 2024, inventory was €619,000,000 or about 36% of last 12 month revenue, down from 40% in the year ago Q3. We generated €281,000,000 in operating cash flow in the quarter, up 19% year over year.
Total (EPA:TTEF) cash flow was €229,000,000 in the quarter, up 93% from the same quarter last year due to the growth in operating cash flow, lower capital expenditures and financing costs. As we have said before, we will continue to deleverage using cash generated from operations. Our net leverage was 2.1x as of June 30, 2024. Earlier this month, we completed the pay down of approximately $50,000,000 of loans in conjunction with the overall refinancing and replacement of our credit facilities we announced on May 28. This week, we notified our lenders of our intent to repay an additional $100,000,000 of our U.
S. Term loan on September 3. We remain committed to reaching a net leverage ratio of 2x by the end of the year and will use free cash flow to reduce debt for the foreseeable future. Capital expenditures totaled €15,000,000 in the Q3, bringing the total amount invested year to date to €50,000,000 mainly related to our production capacity expansion and new store openings. As we said during our most recent roadshow, we expect capital expenditures to come in below EUR 100,000,000 for the fiscal year.
With that, I'll hand over back to Oliver.
Oliver Reichert, Director and CEO, Birkenstock Group: Thanks, Erik. Let me summarize our discussion. Our exceptional results during the Q3 and 1st 9 months of fiscal 2024 demonstrate our ability to deliver on the promises we made during our IPO and secondary roadshows. We are delivering strong double digit revenue growth, strong margins and cash generation and expanding into the white space areas. We are executing on our proven engineered distribution strategy to drive both volume and ASP growth to meet the growing consumer demand for our products for both classics as well as new emerging products and across all segments and channels.
We also have the ability to meet our customers wherever they seek to interact with our brands, be that online or in store. Our growth continues to significantly outpace our peers in the Americas and Europe, with strong and increasing momentum from our B2B partners and in our D2C footprint. We are entering the next chapter of growth as we tap into our largest white space market, the asthma region. We are increasing brand awareness, educating the consumer on the purpose of the British Stock Footbed and are taking market share by following our playbook of disciplined engineered distribution to support ASP. With our growing leadership team in the region, continued investment in digital and retail partnerships, we see a long runway for growth ahead in YapMaa.
We are confirming our fiscal year 2024 guidance for total revenue growth in constant currency of 20% and adjusted EBITDA margin of 30% to 30.5%. We remain fully committed to our medium and long term targets of mid to high teens revenue growth, gross profit margin of 60% and adjusted EBITDA margin over 30%. I would now kindly ask the operator to open our Q and A session.
Conference Operator: Thank you. And the first question today is coming from Simeon Siegel from BMO (TSX:BMO) Capital Markets. Simeon, your line is live.
Simeon Siegel, Analyst, BMO Capital Markets: Thanks. Hey, everyone. Let's say, I know the stock may not reflect it right now, but congrats on really impressive top line growth online, really ongoing margin strength and the brand health there. I mean, that was very impressive. Oliver, could you speak to how units and like for like ASP perform versus your expectations?
The revenues show that you're clearly enjoying really strong customer demand. And if I'm thinking about it correctly, I think the overall number may still overshadow some important channel nuance that you were talking about. So revenues basically hit consensus while beating adjusted EBITDA margins and this was on the strong B2B outperformance. So I'm just wondering, can you help me understand this? I guess, do in line revenues on higher wholesale mix suggest you're actually outperforming your internal units?
And then maybe just reflect on the strong customer demand. You beat the profit margin, so perhaps remind us how you're thinking about both channels health and trajectory. And then just lastly, if I can, maybe for Eric, any color you can share just on comfort for guidance perhaps both Q4 and beyond. It's a tough macro out there, but you're still posting industry leading growth. So curious any puts and takes to keep in mind.
Thank you.
Oliver Reichert, Director and CEO, Birkenstock Group: Hi, Simeon. Thanks for the question. A good one. You're thinking about it the right way. Our units sold were very strong and like for like ASP was up.
So yes, with a higher B2B mix, we hit our revenue growth expectations and importantly saw improved margins as well. Our B2B business is a very profitable business. It has higher EBITDA margins than our D2C business. And importantly, it is very predictable and less risky. Mittensdock has not seen any consumer spending softness or anything like it.
We are selling more units at higher ASP, and we continue to grow and take share. I think that's really the most important part of the story. And as I said in my prepared comments, we saw some movement to in person shopping during the quarter. We're happy about this, to be honest. Our brand benefits from in person shopping.
The footbed needs to be seen and touched. And that's how we create our fans, and this is how we create new fans. The good news here, in either channel, we have very strong EBITDA margins. Our brand remains very strong. We have full price realization over 90% globally.
Consumer engagement, we grew online member in the Q3 by over 30%. Our stock to sale ratio are the healthiest in the industry. So I think we're really very, very good. And maybe David, you can add some color on this.
David Khan, President of the Americas, Birkenstock: Yes. Thanks, Oliver. Simeon, first off, great question and I appreciate it coming from you.
Conference Operator: And the speaker line is reconnected. Please go ahead.
David Khan, President of the Americas, Birkenstock: Are we back?
Conference Operator: Back loud and clear. Thank you.
David Khan, President of the Americas, Birkenstock: Okay. Excellent. Sorry for being disconnected and thank you, Oliver. Again, Simeon, great question. I appreciate it coming from you since you've really been ahead of the curve and really trying to understand the dynamics of the channel mix and especially D2C.
The way I look at this is retail is really quite simple. It's always been the right product at the right time in the right place. And in Q3, we did start to see the consumers choosing the right place being more in a physical environment. The beauty, the magic of engineered distribution is we're able to shift our allocations to best meet the demand wherever the consumer may be seeking to make the purchase. And as Oliver mentioned in his opening, I believe the biggest driver in the quarter was the quality and breadth of our assortment and how it was presented with our major strategic partners.
They did a wonderful job of celebrating our brand's 200 and 50th anniversary and sharing the brand in a very, very, very visible and compelling manner. We had explosive growth in year on year sell throughs with all partners ranging from small mom and pop stores to the major chains. And I'll also add, we're starting to see an emerging youth consumer. And don't mistake this for a trendy teen thinking, this is quite different. It's an emerging demographic that's really embracing our brand.
And while some of the styles have been around for 50 years, it's new to them. And they're obviously digitally savvy, but data shows that even if 80% of their purchase decisions have data at digital facilitation, they're looking to shop largely in physical multi brand environments. And remember, the more we win in these environments where the brand is validated, the more it creates this flywheel where the demand escalates across all categories, all geographies and all channels. It's a virtual footbed flywheel and the lifetime value of every consumer, no matter where they make the initial purchase in any given quarter, goes far beyond the mix of how that quarter breaks down D2C or B2B. So that's how we look at it.
Also remember, we're at 40% overall digital penetration, which means we show a lot of white space for physical store expansion, which you're going to start to see over the next couple of quarters.
Eric Mossman, Chief Financial Officer, Birkenstock Group: If I may add on your last comment, Simeon, yes, we are very super confident with our guidance for the remainder of the year and seeing all the demand and the very positive sell through data, it's safe to say we'll be on the high end of our range.
Simeon Siegel, Analyst, BMO Capital Markets: Great. Thanks a lot guys. Nice job again and best of luck for the rest of the year.
Jay Sole, Analyst, UBS: Thank you.
Conference Operator: Thank you. The next question will be from Laurent Vasilescu from BNP Paribas (OTC:BNPQY). Laurent, your line is now.
Laurent Vasilescu, Analyst, BNP Paribas: Good morning. Thank you very much for taking my question. Eric, you ended the quarter with over $400,000,000 in cash on the balance sheet, generated $229,000,000 of free cash flow in the quarter. Leverage is down to 2.1 times, well on your way to 2 times target for the year end. How should we think about use of cash in the future, especially with the bulk of your large capital investments and production expansion behind you?
And then I have a quick follow-up after that.
Eric Mossman, Chief Financial Officer, Birkenstock Group: Thanks, Laura. Yes, you're right. It's the majority of large investments have been done and is behind us in Parzweig and Aruka and expanding Gorlitz. And so it shows especially this quarter shows a very strong cash flow. We have said we will reduce our leverage.
We'll be at 2x end of the year, but we will go further down. Obviously, the goal is to have no debt. And as you know, it's related to the transaction in 2021. For us, no need to have debt on the balance sheet. So we did even say earlier this week, we notified the banks to pay down another $100,000,000 beginning of September.
So this will continue the trend. And still, there will be enough cash left over for the relevant investments into the business, which is obviously building out the own shops and further expand into the factories if needed. And the strong cash situation just gives us a lot of optionalities we will look for.
Laurent Vasilescu, Analyst, BNP Paribas: Eric, that's very clear and great to hear. And then as a follow-up, Oliver, David, there are obviously a lot of questions about the U. S. Consumer. Can you maybe shed light on what you're seeing with your U.
S. Consumer? How did trends progress in the quarter? And more importantly, any color on quarter to date trends? And then going forward, should we expect double digit growth in the Americas region for 4Q and then high level for next year, if you can share on that?
David Khan, President of the Americas, Birkenstock: Yes. We see increasing consumer demand for the brand. I know that on the macro environment, the consumer is probably challenged. But as we've said for the past year, that just means that consumer purchases are being much more intentional. People are shopping, they're shopping for the products they want, the brands that they want and the most relevant products like Birkenstock that we're selling through at full price.
We see demand continuing to escalate. Like we said, where the ultimate point of transaction is, where the consumer purchases, that may shift from week to week and quarter to quarter. That's less important than making sure we have the right product and making sure that we're always maintaining, which we are, the relative scarcity in the market. Our sell throughs and our metrics in every wholesale partner are a true outlier compared to the overall market.
Laurent Vasilescu, Analyst, BNP Paribas: Great to hear. Thank you very much.
Conference Operator: Thank you. And the next question will be from Paul Lejuez from Citi. Paul, your line is live.
Laurent Vasilescu, Analyst, BNP Paribas: Hey, thanks guys. Curious if maybe you could talk about your sell through within the B2B business, maybe compare that to how each region performed in terms of what you reported on B2B revenue increases? And then second, we'd love to hear more about your traffic versus ticket trend within the Americas DTC channel. Thanks.
David Khan, President of the Americas, Birkenstock: Yes, it's a good question. Our sell we are a sell through, not a sell in company wherever we're selling our product and it's very consistent across the EU and the Americas. So suffice to say, while we don't share proprietary sell throughs from our retail partners, our sell throughs were quite ahead of our actual sell in percent, which means our stock to sales ratios are incredibly healthy. Traffic continues to be strong on our own direct to consumer website. Our membership was up 30 plus percent in the quarter year on year.
Those members tend to spend 25% more. So we're seeing incredible demand. It's just a matter of where the consumer actually makes that purchase. We can be a little bit less specific and a bit more agnostic to it, mainly because we have an incredible business model where the net profitability by channel is not as much of a concern as it might be for some other peers.
Laurent Vasilescu, Analyst, BNP Paribas: David, just a follow-up on the sell through. Can you maybe talk about what your order books look like for spring?
David Khan, President of the Americas, Birkenstock: I don't think that we can give guidance on our backlog, but suffice to say, if we're saying that we believe that we have confidence in our guidance, that backlog certainly is what gives us that confidence because of course, D2C is a bit more variable. B2B, we have firm order books that are significantly showing incredible positive results. And also it's the breadth of the results. It's the growth in all categories like closed toe clogs versus just the sandal water book and that's across all regions. So we can't give backlog guidance, but suffice to say confidence in the guidance would tend to say we have a backlog that gives us that confidence.
Oliver Reichert, Director and CEO, Birkenstock Group: Yes. And Paul, just adding here that we're targeting the higher end of the guidance. So that should give this should give you like a pretty good feeling where we are and where do we feel the business is going.
Laurent Vasilescu, Analyst, BNP Paribas: Got it. Thank you, guys.
Conference Operator: Thank you. The next question will be from Jay Sole from UBS. Jay, your line is live.
Simeon Siegel, Analyst, BMO Capital Markets: Great. Thank you so much. If you can update us a little bit about the factory capacity at this point, like what percentage of factory capacity are you using? Is it a constraint at all on your ability to deliver the units you want to the marketplace to meet the demand that you feel is appropriate? If you can just kind of review where you are from that standpoint, that'd be super helpful.
Thank you.
Alexander Hoff, Vice President of Global Finance, Birkenstock: Hey, Jay, that's Alexander. Yes, where do we stand? Actually with the capacity expansion, we are very pleased of how we have done the expansion so far. We are still ramping stuff. We are adding equipment, machineries, and that will last approximately until mid of our fiscal year 2025.
We already commented on our last earnings call that the faster we grow, the earlier we will see a positive return from that investment. However, again, we will not compromise on engineered distribution, on scarcity. So production is something we manage closely and in a very disciplined way, and that is not something we will compromise. So having said that, we won't just ramp up production for the sake of eliminating the temporary margin impact. I think what we already said for 2024 that we can confirm this year that we still expect to have a full year margin drag of 150 basis points.
As said before, this is a transitionary year, 2024 for us, where it was the largest impact on margins, and we expect a better absorption in 2025, especially in the back half of the year when we've installed all machines in Parzivalc. And we then also confirm that our current plans are still in place to get a full absorption of that effect in the Q3 of 2020 6. So to sum it up, everything on plan so far and yes, green light from our end.
Simeon Siegel, Analyst, BMO Capital Markets: Terrific. Thank you so much.
Conference Operator: Thank you. The next question will be from Matthew Boss from JPMorgan (NYSE:JPM). Matthew, your line is live.
Jay Sole, Analyst, UBS: Great, thanks. So Oliver, maybe if you put all this together, could you elaborate on current demand trends for the brand globally across geographies, maybe so far in the Q4, just relative to the mid teens implied revenue growth forecast for the Q4? And then larger picture, just demand signals that you're seeing from your wholesale partners across categories?
Oliver Reichert, Director and CEO, Birkenstock Group: Hi, Matt. Thanks for the question. Yes, of course. I mean, we're not allowed to give you any forward looking statements, but we are aware of our order book for the next year. And as I said, everything looks double green, maybe triple green.
So it's really we are very, very pleased with the results. It's growing. We're still trying to fulfill the demand by keeping our scarcity. So it's really it's a very, very good thing. We had a bit of a weather issue in some areas, and we always see the weather issue, especially in the summer, hitting our D2C business from time to time.
We have a rainy week in June. We will see it simply in our results there. So that's something that could happen every year, every season. But overall, honestly, we're super confident, we're super strong, demand is there, consumer are happy with the brand. Our activations we had with the 250 years of brand celebrity we had in the celebration we had in the wholesale doors went very, very nice, very smoothly accepted.
So that's another reason why a lot of traffic in our wholesale doors because they pretty yes, did events and showed up with a very nice presentation in the walls and product was there. So the outlook from our side is super positive for the full year and for next year, of course. So I can't see no clouds. All good.
Jay Sole, Analyst, UBS: Great color. Best of luck.
Conference Operator: Thank you. The next question will be from Michael Binetti from Evercore. Michael, your line is live.
Michael Binetti, Analyst, Evercore: Hey, guys. Thanks for taking our question here. So I have just a couple. First, I guess on Americas, total market up 15%. So to sum it up, you feel great on wholesale.
The stores, I think you gave a large growth rate, maybe 60%, I think you said, Oliver. And you mentioned a bunch of times, though, separately that shopping in store is a big trend. It seems like the map on maybe why Americas decelerated from 1 quarter to the next was related to the digital business in the Americas. But I think, David, you said you're pretty happy with the traffic to the website. So I was a little confused on where maybe the slowdown was, maybe on the digital side, if you could square that for us.
And I'd be curious to hear if you guys were actively prioritizing inventory towards the wholesale channel or if there were stock outs on any places in B2C due to the engineered distribution strategy?
David Khan, President of the Americas, Birkenstock: Yes. Part of engineered distribution strategy is you have a playbook, but like an NFL quarterback, you call audibles during the game and you try to figure out where you can best meet the demand yet not oversee oversell the demand. It's just constant. I mean, it's an art and a science. And at some points, could you be sold out at wholesale?
Yes. Could you be sold out in D2C? Yes. You try to do your best managing it. I don't think there was any, again, the demand, if you look at the total market, is exponentially up year on year.
The truth of the matter is where the actual purchase was consummated shifted to some degree. And if you follow every one of our retail partners, you're seeing the same thing. You're also seeing some of those demographic shifts leading that. So I can't say this strongly enough. We're a little bit more agnostic to the actual endpoint of distribution.
If the demand is there, the demand is there. And again, somebody purchases our product, it's not a one time purchase, it's a lifetime consumer. So if that first purchase happens just happens to happen in a wholesale partner, suffice to say the lifetime value of that consumer across channels, especially when they become one of our members is quite significant.
Michael Binetti, Analyst, Evercore: Okay. And then just to help us with our models here as we look at the Q4, I want to make sure I heard something you said on the two questions on the gross really quick. The I think you said maybe the implied factory deleverage for the year at about 150 basis points. I think that would imply a pretty meaningful step up in the year over year deleverage in the gross margin in the Q4 relative to the Q3, if I'm right? And then maybe is it a good rule of thumb to use going forward?
You said I think you said that the B2C versus B2B mix in the quarter was about 100 basis point drag to your gross margin in Q3. Is that about right? Two points of year over year mix shift is about 100 basis points of gross margin or 50 basis points per point of mix shift?
Alexander Hoff, Vice President of Global Finance, Birkenstock: Yes, Michael, on the first question, Alexander, hi. On the first
Laurent Vasilescu, Analyst, BNP Paribas: question sorry?
Megan Kulik, Director of Investor Relations, Birkenstock Holdings Plc: Yes. Go ahead, Allison. Go ahead. Yes,
Alexander Hoff, Vice President of Global Finance, Birkenstock: you're absolutely right that, of course, our gross margin will fluctuate with the DTC applied DTC mix shift. So that's a simple math. But again, as we said before, that's just the impact on ASP and gross margin. Essentially, we have a slightly higher EBITDA margin there. So I think we need to look at the big picture and not only at 1 KPI here.
Oliver Reichert, Director and CEO, Birkenstock Group: I mean, Michael, it's crystal clear. The reflects from the market is always like, oh, DTC is going down, that somehow get a bigger impact on margin. This is just not true with us. We have a very, very healthy B2B business. Our margins are the EBITDA margin, as I mentioned before in my first answer, they are higher than the B2C margins.
So yes, there's a slight impact in the wholesale in the gross profit margins, yes. But in the end, we do care, and that's the basic idea of engineering distribution is about getting the maximum EBITDA per pair. And that's definitely the case the way how we execute the B2B business. So for us, it's really not that important where do we reach our customer. It's important to be there and to be there with the right product at the right size.
And the more we have a touch point with the customer wherever, we create this lifetime connection with this fan and he will be with us. Could be so wholesale door, it could be our own online, it could be our own retail stores. Just think for a moment, if we had a bigger own retail fleet, this impact or this slight decline of DTC revenues in one territory would be swallowed by own retail because the own retails are growing like hell. Our own retail was up like 60%. I mean, this is there you see that even within ourselves, we can see what's going on.
And we are super confident that we will reach the consumer for the future as well, which is really the case. Brand feed is high. We are there. We have a few 1,000 wholesale partners out there doing a good job, growing as hell with us. The overall growth rates are very strong.
And the biggest message is our B2B business model is super, super healthy. So margins are super strong. The EBITDA margin, which is our key topic here, is the strongest. So nothing to worry about.
Michael Binetti, Analyst, Evercore: I appreciate. We're still trying to learn how your model moves with the different lines here. So thanks for hanging with us on some of the details here.
Oliver Reichert, Director and CEO, Birkenstock Group: It's your model, it's not our model.
Laurent Vasilescu, Analyst, BNP Paribas: You can send yours over.
Conference Operator: Thank you.
Oliver Reichert, Director and CEO, Birkenstock Group: I forgot it. It's all in my it's not written down.
Conference Operator: Thank you. Your next question is coming from Mark Altschwager from Baird. Mark, your line is live.
Laurent Vasilescu, Analyst, BNP Paribas: Great. Thank you for taking the question. Great to see the ongoing momentum.
Michael Binetti, Analyst, Evercore: I guess first, I
Laurent Vasilescu, Analyst, BNP Paribas: hoping you could provide us some updated thoughts on the pricing actions you're planning for the 2025 products. And then separately, really nice momentum in enclosed toe. I was hoping you could give us some more detail on the trends you're seeing in some of the other product adjacencies, including some early reads from the recent EVA Cloud launch and this athlete recovery positioning. I think that's opening up some opportunities for new distribution. So just any more color on what you're seeing there would be very helpful.
Thank you.
David Khan, President of the Americas, Birkenstock: Yes. On the product side, the new product introductions have been really, really encouraging across all categories. So don't lose sight, we're also introducing new sandals. We introduced the 1 strap sandal called the Catalina that had very good sell throughs. The Boston clog is great, but there are other clogs.
We introduced the clog called the Lutri that had incredibly strong sell throughs in closed toe. We're continuing to gain momentum and I'm sure you see the exposure out at retail. Yes, on the EVA and PU side, our new healthcare product, the Berkey Air 2.0, which is probably the best product that's ever been developed for a true healthcare professional. That's getting out in the market and being met with a strong response. And then we take the DNA of that and we interpret it into the Berkey Flow, which is a more broader outdoor product, which yes, we're finding athletes for Opry sport use is finding an incredibly strong response.
So every product that we've delivered is expanding our breadth. Remember what we said, over 90% of our growth in revenue is coming from existing doors. So what that means is we're expanding our assortments in those doors. If you see us out at retail anywhere, you're seeing very, very broad assortments growing across all categories. And our growth in leather has been 2 times the growth rate of our price point like synthetic side.
So consumers, despite all the challenges, are trading up with us and the retailers are looking to expand.
Laurent Vasilescu, Analyst, BNP Paribas: Thanks again. Best of luck.
Conference Operator: Thank you. The next question will be from Sharon Zackfia from William Blair. Sharon, your line is live.
Megan Kulik, Director of Investor Relations, Birkenstock Holdings Plc0: Hi. Thanks for taking the question. I wanted to ask about Europe where you've seen kind of accelerating momentum with the wholesale transformation you've done there. Can you talk about what you're seeing with ASPs as a result, particularly kind of with the more premium priced product and with closed toe? And I think you took some pretty decent price increases in Europe as well.
Are you seeing any kind of consumer sensitivity to those increases? Thanks.
Oliver Reichert, Director and CEO, Birkenstock Group: Hi. Thank you for the question. The truth is we don't see any slowdown in consumer demand. It's really it's an ongoing very, very huge demand. The price sensitivity is a bit misleading maybe because if you go into the different wholesale doors, you have to see the fact that Mittenshoek is now getting wider and deeper within these doors.
So the comparability between the different styles and the different executions of the models are really it's an emotional thing. If you want to buy this pair and it's $5 more than the other execution on the left side, on the right side of it, it simply don't count. And we see that the price increases we were executing in 2025 and there's no impact. So it's really all good. Consumer demand is high, and it's a very, very strong demand out there.
And very important in all price points, don't only focus on the higher price points. Overall, whenever you come to the brand, you increase for whatever reason, your next buy is more expensive than the last one. It's the same David mentioned it in our membership program in the online. People are coming to us multiple times. And whenever they acquire a new pair, it's a higher price point.
So ASP is not only driven by price increases, it's also driven by material and executions and channels and, of course, geographies as well. But good news is we're growing in every single thing. So and that's the biggest benefit you can have. And this is like the biggest proof that the demand out there is super, super strong.
Conference Operator: Thank you. The next question will be from Sam Poser from Williams Trading. Sam, your line is live.
Megan Kulik, Director of Investor Relations, Birkenstock Holdings Plc1: Yes, thank you. I've got a handful. Oliver, I know you guys don't normally talk about this, but can you give us the details on the channel sales by geography, especially in the Americas and that would include wholesale in the Americas wholesale, the stores and digital on how those trended year over year. It's just to give everybody clarity. I understand this is you did this pre IPO, but haven't done it since, but it would be greatly helpful here just so we can get further understanding of where things stand.
And then I have a couple of other follow ups.
Oliver Reichert, Director and CEO, Birkenstock Group: Sam, we can't share this information with you. I mean, we're talking about the Q3 here. So look at the first two quarters and maybe it's the right time after the full year that we can sit and talk about the overall, but we do not share any of this information here. And to be super honest, Sam, I think it won't help you and it won't give you any insight other than a mix between this and this month and this and this quarter will not it will probably distract some of the major learnings and not feed them the right way. David, do you want to add something here because it's mainly talking about the territory?
David Khan, President of the Americas, Birkenstock: Yes. Sam, obviously, this is on your mind. As the person running the region, I tend to be a little bit more agnostic to the channel. I care way more about the product and the consumer demand being met. And I think that changes from quarter to quarter.
I don't think anything is changing too dramatically. But again, having said that, our business model, as Oliver said, our B2B model is unique. It's not just an outlier. I think there are a few brands on earth that have a B2B model like us, where our go in margin is our maintain margin. So net net at the end of the day, feeding the consumer where they're purchasing and the impact that that has becomes more important to me than trying to follow a business model because I also know that where that emerging youth consumer is shopping today may not be where they're going to shop in 5 years.
And if they're coming into contact with our brand right now where they want to see us, I'm making sure that the product is there as long as it's being represented in a powerful manner to that consumer and we're always maintaining, as you know, that relative scarcity. So I think the consumer himself or herself is becoming a bit more a bit less channel centric and a bit more searching for the brand and searching for the products they want wherever they can come into contact with it.
Michael Binetti, Analyst, Evercore: Okay. Well, I have
Megan Kulik, Director of Investor Relations, Birkenstock Holdings Plc1: 2 more things, but I just want to say I'm not questioning the way you do it. I'm just trying to get color on the quarter for more for the investors that might not necessarily understand it as well. That being said, you know
Simeon Siegel, Analyst, BMO Capital Markets: We're
Megan Kulik, Director of Investor Relations, Birkenstock Holdings Plc: up a dead time, you get one more, okay?
Michael Binetti, Analyst, Evercore: I know.
Laurent Vasilescu, Analyst, BNP Paribas: I know. I'm going to ask you,
Megan Kulik, Director of Investor Relations, Birkenstock Holdings Plc1: what's the percent of scarcity you're currently running? And 2, how what is the swing between the gross margin and the SG and A by channel? So for instance, SG and A is X basis points lower in wholesale, but as is SG and A lower and the opposite in direct to consumer, where the gross margin is higher and the
Michael Binetti, Analyst, Evercore: SG and
David Khan, President of the Americas, Birkenstock: A is higher. I'll let one of the finance guys answer that. But if you're looking at what percentage of the demand we're filling, I wouldn't put my finger on it, but it's not anywhere close to what people are searching for in the brand. And I'll say demand is not a finite measure. If I say 70%, maybe it's 70%, but there's no way we're coming anywhere near the demand of what people are seeking with the product.
On SG and A?
Alexander Hoff, Vice President of Global Finance, Birkenstock: Yes. Just a quick note, Sam. As you can see from our presentation that we gave out a positive EBITDA effect of 30 bps according to our channel mix versus prior year. And we also addressed in our gross margin 100 bps negative effect. That gives you 130 positive in SG and A, and that should help to make that
Conference Operator: Thank you. And the next question will be from Dana Telsey from Telsey Group. Dana, your line is live.
Megan Kulik, Director of Investor Relations, Birkenstock Holdings Plc0: Hi, good morning everyone. We've mentioned a number of times all of you about the increase in physical touch points that consumers are making where they're making their purchases. As you think about it globally, where did you see that the biggest differential that way? On your store opening plan? Are there any changes that you're looking at to accelerate this?
And what are the learnings from your stores that you're putting into some of the B2B and wholesale that help to drive that conversion? Thank you.
Oliver Reichert, Director and CEO, Birkenstock Group: So globally, Diana, thank you for the question. Globally, it's a bit frightening for us too. It's everywhere the same thing. Whenever we open up whenever we open up physical touch point with the brand and we are measuring like the interaction with the guests, the interaction about the footbeds, conversation of our teaching, it's not about not just don't forget we're not a footwear company, we're the Foosbet company, so we're selling food beds. So it's really something that's different.
And people love to come to us and see the product and touch it and feel it because quality is just a word. If you see and feel the quality, that's a differentiation from all the rest. And if you have somebody in front of you explaining the benefits of the footbed talking about the 2nd best solution next to barefoot walking, the impact is dramatically high. And it leads into a higher price point once we create a sale. And of course, we create a fan that comes back with his friends, family, relatives.
So the lifetime value of this contact, in our opinion, is super high. Honestly, we have a lot of very, very good talented wholesale partners executing it as good as we do it by ourselves. So in the end of the day, if the business model is comparable, and you know, don't forget EBITDA margin is higher, we do not prefer to push everybody into our own channels. This is not what we're doing. During the roadshow, we constantly said we're not seeking to destroy or kill or minimize wholesale.
This is not what we're doing. Every single qualitatively driven touch point with the brand is a good one. Whenever we open up a store and we are making sure we're doing it the right way, we are super, super positively surprised about the results all over the world. Could be India, could be China, could be Southeast Asia, Vietnam, Thailand, Munich, Paris, wherever. The results are super strong.
People are coming in, buying very expensive shoes, coming back and so on. So it's really a very, very vivid combination. And as David said before, in the end, let's say, in 10, 20 years, we don't even probably talk about the difference of a wholesale door or own operated door because it's a touch point with the brand. And if the quality of the contact is good, we can harvest it. If not, we have to improve it.
But right now, everything is super strong, super good reaction in numbers, ASP growth, everything is on the right in the right direction and the product performs for itself. That's the major thing. 90% plus full price realization, a very healthy warehouse situation. It's yes,
Megan Kulik, Director of Investor Relations, Birkenstock Holdings Plc: for
Oliver Reichert, Director and CEO, Birkenstock Group: us, it's crystal clear.
Megan Kulik, Director of Investor Relations, Birkenstock Holdings Plc0: Thank you.
Conference Operator: Thank you. The next question will be from Louise Singlehurst from Goldman Sachs (NYSE:GS). Louise, your line is live.
Megan Kulik, Director of Investor Relations, Birkenstock Holdings Plc2: Hi, good afternoon, everyone. Thank you for taking my question. I know we're short on time, so I'll keep it brief. You must be delighted with the B2B in the U. S, particularly that 90% growth coming from existing doors.
I just wanted to check, and I know you've had a few questions on the channel mix. Should we be expecting as we go into the back end, the Q4 and obviously early 25 for the same kind of shift in mix between B2B and DTC? And then I also wanted to check, did DTC have any impacts from product shortages? And should that get easier as the new capacity comes on board? Thank you.
David Khan, President of the Americas, Birkenstock: Thanks, Louise. I think again, the mix of D2C versus D2B is near impossible to call uncertainty looking a quarter or a year ahead. I think what we're seeing from a consumer standpoint shifting to more physical retail is certainly happening. It's happening in Europe. It's happening across the U.
S. And I see that continuing. I think we do our best to try to make sure that if somebody does obviously come to our digital site that we're not short on product. And we also try to make sure that on our own website there might be less of a degree of scarcity than there is at the retail side. It's just constantly balancing and monitoring this on a day to day basis.
But having said that, the consumer shift and I think you're seeing this in what retailers are reporting also has been somewhat more physical than digital over the last quarter. And I see that continuing to some degree, although there's no certainty to it. The only certainty is when somebody wants our product, they're searching for it very aggressively and wherever they can purchase it, they're looking to purchase it. That's the biggest positive impact to everything.
Megan Kulik, Director of Investor Relations, Birkenstock Holdings Plc: Thank you.
Conference Operator: Thank you. And final question today will be from Jim Duffy from Stifel. Jim, your line is live.
Megan Kulik, Director of Investor Relations, Birkenstock Holdings Plc3: Thank you. I wanted to talk about product and assortment, really encouraging to see the uptake of closed toe styles. As you look into next year, can you talk about SKU count and color proliferation? And then I'm curious how you manage that complexity in your B2B channel?
Oliver Reichert, Director and CEO, Birkenstock Group: Thank you for the question, Jim. The truth is we don't see any complexity that's really outstripping our intelligence. It's more like it's a very, very good sign that we're getting wider and deeper in the doors in the wholesale doors. So if you go to a big wholesale door, you may find us in the sport athletic environment, you may find us in the outdoor environment, you may find us in the high fashion areas, female or male, kids, wherever, could be in the mall, could be in the like orthopedic environment. So we fit in every single niche.
And yes, we deliver a lot of new products in these new wide category segments as we promised prior to the IPO. And as we said in the presentation and in the previous remarks, the growth rates, the sell throughs are very encouraging, and we will develop this step by step, as always, very mindful, globally relevant. And this is what we're doing. This is what we're executing. We deliver best in class margins.
We deliver best in class growth rates. And that's what we're doing. So no naughty things, no crazy stuff, just step by step.
Megan Kulik, Director of Investor Relations, Birkenstock Holdings Plc3: I wasn't accusing you of naughty things. I'm more curious about as you grow the closed toe
Oliver Reichert, Director and CEO, Birkenstock Group: I feel already accused, Jim. I feel already accused, sorry.
Megan Kulik, Director of Investor Relations, Birkenstock Holdings Plc3: I'm more curious as you grow the closed toe franchise and you work with specific B2B channel partners, do you have allocation strategies where you're segmenting distribution of certain products to some retailers and not others? Could you just please speak about that a little bit and how that works as the product range expands?
David Khan, President of the Americas, Birkenstock: Every single style, every single category is allocated by retail partner. It doesn't matter if it's a closed toe shoe, a premium product or an entry price product. There's nothing where we don't have our finger on the dial with how much people can have versus where we think the demand should be met. So absolutely every category and the more we do that, the more we introduce products that get validated in the right places. If you introduce a new outdoor EVA product, you can have it on your own website.
But when it also shows up in the leading outdoor specialty retailers like you might have in your area, it validates the product. We do that across every category.
Oliver Reichert, Director and CEO, Birkenstock Group: And it's not necessarily the same allocation for the wholesale partner. It is really an allocation door by door because a wholesale partner close to the coastline will get a different allocation than the one closer to the mountains. Sounds weird, but that's what we're doing. It's very precise. It's very detailed, and that's what we try to execute globally.
And the outcome is very encouraging because that in detail, this creates this 90% plus full price realization thing. If you deliver EBAs into the mountains, you may find yourself in a big sale momentum one day. And you may have a problem with your inventory. So be wise, be smart and just precise as precise as possible. That's what we're executing.
Megan Kulik, Director of Investor Relations, Birkenstock Holdings Plc3: Thank you very much for the insights.
Conference Operator: Thank you. This does conclude today's Q and A session. And this also concludes today's conference call. You may disconnect your lines at this time. Have a wonderful day.
Thank you for your participation.
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