By Abhirup Roy
(Reuters) -Electric vehicle charging companies are cautiously embracing Tesla's charging technology as the main U.S. standard, mere days after Ford and GM said they were adopting it, but questions remained about how any interoperability would work.
The rare agreements between Tesla Inc (NASDAQ:TSLA) and each of the two U.S. automakers, who among them control more than 60% of the country's EV market, is likely to give top billing to Tesla's North American Charging Standard (NACS). Tesla shares rose 2.2% on Monday.
That puts companies, including ChargePoint, EVgo Inc and Blink Charging Co, in danger of losing out on customers if they offer only Combined Charging System (CCS), the rival standard that the Biden administration has favored.
The White House said on Friday that EV charging stations that offer Tesla plugs would be eligible for billions of dollars in federal subsidies as long as they included CCS connectivity. The White House aims to spur deployment of hundreds of thousands of chargers, which it sees as integral to EV adoption.
Charger maker ABB E-mobility North America, a unit of Swiss industrial firm ABB Ltd, it will be offering a NACS connector option that it is now designing and testing.
"We are seeing tremendous interest in beginning to integrate the NACS connector into our chargers and our units ... customers are saying, 'when can I get one?'", said Asaf Nagler, vice president of external affairs at the unit.
"The last thing we want is to rush a solution to the market that is not seamless," said Nagler, adding, "we still don't fully know all the limitations of the (Tesla) charger itself."
Ashley Horvat, a senior executive at Schneider Electric (EPA:SCHN) SE's unit in the U.S. that supplies EV charging hardware and software, said interest in NACS adoption had been on the rise since the announcement by Ford Motor (NYSE:F) Co and General Motors Co (NYSE:GM).
Blink Charging said on Monday it would launch a new fast charger with Tesla's connector, as did ChargePoint Holdings Inc and Tritium DCFC Ltd. EVgo said it will add NACS connectors to its fast-charging network.
Some of these companies' stocks fell sharply on Friday, but were paring some of those losses on Monday after they said they would adopt NACS.
Still, concerns remain about how smoothly the two standards would talk to each other and whether having both standards in the market raised costs for vendors and customers.
Neither the automakers nor the U.S. government have explained how any interoperability would work or money would change hands.
"We don't have much visibility on what's the charging experience going to be like," said Aatish Patel, co-founder of charger maker XCharge North America.
'MILES TO GO'
Charger makers and operators noted several concerns about interoperability: whether Tesla Superchargers can adequately charge higher-voltage vehicles with fast charging and whether the design of its charging cables will suit the ports on some cars.
Tesla's Superchargers are integrated with its cars and payment is tied to accounts of users, who can charge and pay through a Tesla app seamlessly. It offers adapters that can be used to charge its cars at non-Tesla charging stations and is opening up its Superchargers for use by non-Tesla vehicles.
"If you don't have a Tesla and you use a Supercharger, it's not as clean-cut. How much integration do Ford, GM and other automakers really want to give Tesla on their vehicles to allow for this seamless integration? Or are they going to pivot into a less seamless integration to have access to a larger network?" Patel said.
A former Tesla official who worked on Superchargers said NACS chargers would add cost and complexity in the near term, but the government needed to support one standard - NACS - given its higher vehicle population and better user experience.
The person, who now works for a charging company, is not authorized to speak to the media and declined to be named. The company that is developing CCS chargers, is "reviewing" its strategy because of the Tesla-GM deal.
"Tesla's proposal ... is not a standard. It has miles and miles and miles to go before it becomes a standard," said Oleg Logvinov, president of CharIN North America, an industry body that promotes CCS.
Logvinov, who is also chief executive of EV charging parts supplier IoTecha, said CCS was worth backing because it had worked for more than a decade with multiple vendors.